I recently read a poll that was taken regarding how worried people were about the state of democracy in America, The numbers reported were staggering to me, as 90% were either “very worried” or “somewhat worried” about it. 70% were “very worried”, which is an alarming amount of people, if you ask me.
Made me think about democracy, how it came about and what other alternatives might there be.
Democracy started in Greece during the city-state era. Democracy means government by the “people”. The Greeks believed males ages 18 years old (then later changed to 20), that were born in that city-state would be those that determined the rules of government. Those that met the required criteria, made up about 10-15% of the “people”.
Aristocracy is a form of government by the “best/highest” group of people. Oligarchy is a form of government by the “few”. Monoarchy is a form of government by the “one”. Each of these were attempted by various people throughout history. Some still exist today.
In the 18th century, representative democracy started showing up. This is best described as a democratic government where limited rights were given to a minority adult population. The populace represented were mainly white land owners over the age of 18 or 20. By the 20th century, this form expanded the rights to include nearly all adults, regardless of property ownership, gender, or race.
Just after the Greeks initiated the use of a democratic city-states, the Romans began the use of government as a Republic. Thus, it was supposed to be a government belonging to the public. Citizenship was determined by birth and within a certain region under the Roman Empire. They also limited the “people” by gender, age, and property ownership, and birth right.
Neither the Greeks or Romans used “elected representation” as a means for establishing a legislature. This came later, after revolutions in France, England, and the United States of America. Elected representation was a means used to allow for a wider input for those being governed, while limiting the actual number of people within the official structure of the government.
With elected representation, political parties were created, to provide voting power to like minded citizens. The parties realized they needed to reduce the number of candidates within that group, in order to hopefully maximize the votes cast for them, and increase the probability of being elected.
In the end, it would enable the majority to prevail over the minority. By having multiple candidates from the same political party, it in would split the votes, and possibly lose out to a third candidate from the opposing party that had more votes given than either of the 2 opponents. This actually happened a number of times in the early history of the United States, until political parties caught on to the numbers game. That is avoided now by use of primaries and nomination of a single candidate per party.
Early on the development and creation of the newly formed government of the United States, the founding fathers were very concerned how, and if, a majority would marginalize or even abolish the “rights” of the minority (just because they could, because they won the election, and were the majority).
Many sought to assure that Minority rights were safeguarded from potential abuse of power and radical mistreatment by the Majority.
Ideas to attempt to assure that happened and included in the development of the government were;
- The need to have a super majority (2/3 or 3/4) to change the basic rights and amendments guaranteed within the constitution
- creating separate branches of government with each having specific roles and duties
- autonomy to some degree for the separate “State” controlled governments.
- Proportional representation for one house of the legislature, to balance fairness among more and less populated regions
- creating the Electoral College to determine the winner of the highest elected leader of the country, instead of a straight popular vote winner.
Safeguarding the “rights” of the Minority is a critical difference included in the new form of government being proposed by the forefathers of the United States of America. Included in the Bill of Rights and established throughout the Constitution – citizens have “rights” that cannot be abridged, regardless of majority or minority standing.
But, at the same time many thought that political parties would eventually end democracy. They could not see how dividing a nation into 2 opposing groups would allow for anything but problems. George Washington, the first President of the new country was opposed to the idea of political parties.
Fast forward through a couple hundred years and we have a bitterly divided nation. 2 political parties, so focused on destroying each other, that nothing of value gets done in the nation’s capital.
Created to keep the Majority from terrorizing the Minority, some of those things established at the onset of the creation of this nation, are all we have in place to safe guard the freedoms that members of both political parties cherish so much for themselves.
Yet, if given the chance – both parties without a doubt would do whatever they can to eliminate the existence of the other. Neither seem to truely believe that they actually do need one another. For a government made up of a single Majority driven party simply cannot work.
The problem today is that both parties have no respect for each other. Working together for the common good will never work, when a common good cannot be agreed upon. One party that gets its way ALL the time, will eventually fail, because even within each party – not ALL are treated equally, nor believe in everything the same way.
Why not, the Majority would ask? We would be so happy and content having everything the way we want it. Screw everyone else. But, the Constitution assures fair and equal rights for ALL, regardless of political affiliation. It is the protection included, to avoid having certain groups or philosophy’s forced upon everyone else.
Unfortunately, people often forget or are unable to grasp this concept. Or, just don’t care.
Even today, with a 2 party system that is filled with vastly differing philosophical views on so many critical issues, the possibility of governing at all is questionable.
The differences within the Republican Party itself, has created a situation where their party cannot even agree on who should be the Speaker of the House. Whom also happens to be the 3rd in line of power in the chain of command of the government, after the President and Vice President.
Rather than work together to elect a Speaker whom enough could accept as their leader, a small group has decided to hold their party hostage for things that they desire. It’s a lot like extortion.
The Democratic representatives can only offer a way out, if some Republicans would be willing to share power. The Democrats want to trade votes for an acceptable candidate along with agreements in how legislative committee are chaired and managed.
Unfortunately, the 2 party system seems to have internal problems that was comprehended long ago by our 1st President. He also was a proponent of term limits, as he felt no one should be in a position to rule as a king.
Eventually even the more modern forms of governance seem to have stumbled along the long path to form a more perfect method to achieve liberty and freedom for all of its citizens.
Now, the basic idea of a Constitution supporting the notions of protecting equal rights for the minority, is under attack.
They are attacking Democracy from within.
Lincoln was correct when he said, a house divided cannot stand.
What is going on now is like watching the Berlin Wall come crashing down and essentially ending the USSR.
I never thought this could happen to the United States of America, but then again, we were warned.